What makes a wine kosher?
It must be made without preservatives or artificial coloring, and any products used in processing must themselves be certified kosher. Moreover, kosher wines are subject to a strict filtration procedure, in which agents such as gelatin, rice or milk products may not be used.The equipment and machinery must be used exclusively for the production of kosher wines, and only Sabbath-observant Jews may physically handle the grapes, production equipment and wine. According to the teachings of the Midrash, the "forbidden fruit" that Eve ate and which she gave to Adam was the grape from which wine is derived.
Kosher wine (Hebrew: יין כשר, yayin kashèr) results only when wine is produced according to Judaism's religious law, specifically, the Jewish dietary laws of (kashrut, Hebrew: כשרות), and then is known as "kosher wine". Kashrut deals with avoiding specific forbidden foods, none of which are normally used in winemaking, so it might seem that all wines are automatically "kosher". However, because of wine's special role in many non-Jewish religions, the kashrut laws specify that wine cannot be considered kosher if it might have been used for "idolatry".
Kosher wine are drunk on the following Jewish feast:-
- Pesach (Passover) seder use for 4 cups of wine
- Purim
- Shabbat Kiddush cup
- Jewish Marriage
- circumcision
- Rosh Hashana
- Sukkot
- Hannukah
- Redemption of the Firstborn
- the obligatory blessing of Borei Pri HaGafen ("Blessed are you O Lord, Who created the fruit of the vine") is almost always recited over kosher wine (or grape juice.)
Some of these concepts include:
- Yayin Nesekh (Wine that has been poured to an idol, or with idolatry in mind.)
- Stam Yainom (Wine that may have been touched by someone who might believe in idolatry, but wouldn't have had it in mind at the time of contact.)
- When kosher wine is mevushal ("cooked" or "boiled"), it thereby becomes unfit for idolatrous use and will keep the status of kosher wine even if subsequently touched by an idolator. See section below for more details.
- Intermingling - There are prohibitions on several foods, including wine, in order to prevent intermingling amongst non-Jews in order to reduce the chances of intermarriage.
Procedure for production of "Mevushal" wines
Kosher wine is mevushal ("cooked" or "boiled"), it thereby becomes unfit for idolatrous use and will keep the status of kosher wine even if subsequently touched by an idolator. The boiling process killed most of the fine mold or "must" on the grapes, and greatly altered the tannins and flavours of the wine. The result was typically a weak, insipid wine. Rather than being full red in colour, it often displayed an opaque, permanganate-coloured tone.
Later, the process was modified to require only that wine be heated to 90 degrees Celsius. (At this temperature, the wine is not bubbling, but it is cooking, in the sense that it will evaporate much more quickly than usual.) This managed to reduce some of the damage done to the wine, but still had a substantial effect on flavour.
Recently, a process called "flash pasteurization" has come of vogue. This method avoids causing the juice of the grapes to simmer or boil, and is said to have a minimal effect on flavour, at least to the casual wine drinker. Indeed, the non-kosher winery Château Beaucastel flash pasteurizes and its wines are considered among the world's finest, although few others have copied this technique. Ironically, relatively flavourful flash pasteurized wines faced resistance in the market as observant Jews had come to associate kosher wine with the traditional pinkish, tea-colored wines.
In most territories, the bulk of kosher wine is supplied by wineries producing both kosher wine and wine for the general market. However, irrespective of the method, the pasteurization process must be overseen by Jewish clerics to ensure the kosher status of the wine. Generally, a team of rabbis will attend the winery to physically tip the fruit into the crush, and operate the pasteurisation equipment. Once the wine emerges from the process, it can be handled and aged in the normal fashion.
During these difficult and traumatic times in Israel, express your solidarity with your brothers and sisters in Israel, by purchasing Israel made products. Not only have Jews died and been injured, but the Israeli economy is cripple, and tourism is nearly dead..
Kosher food & wine from Israel
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